C++ inherits basic data type, variable name, statement, expression,
and operator, control flow, function, file, head file and library, array,
pointer and structure from C language. C++ is subset of C, so any
C programmes can be compiled by C++. Compared with C language,
C++ include two extensions, one is Template and the other is OOP.
Duration and scope are two different conceptions. there are three kinds
of duration: 1)automatic 2)static and 3)dynamic. there are three kinds
of scopes 1) global 2) file(translation unit) and 3) local. In C++, wecan use namespace to add more scopes to divide global scope.
Only statement, which end with semicolon is executed. Most statements
are expression statements.